How Common Are School Shootings?

Source: Cato.org

Schools are stocking up on M16s and modified grenade launchers and holding drills involving shooting blanks in middle and high school hallways, but is the risk really worth the expense and possibility of preemptively traumatizing children?

Groups like Michael Bloomberg’s Everytown for Gun Safety argue that our nation’s schools are dangerous, claiming that there have been 74 school shootings since the Sandy Hook massacre in December 2012 in an infographic that went viral earlier this summer. But a closer look at their numbers revealed that they artificially inflated the statistic by including suicides, accidents, incidents related to criminal activity (e.g. - drug dealing or robbery), and incidents that took place outside of school hours or were unconnected to members of any school community. Moreover, half of those incidents took place on college campuses. Since Sandy Hook, the actual number of K-12 school shootings in which the shooter intended to commit mass murder has been ten—a far cry from the “one school shooting per week” that President Obama claimed back in June.

Surely even one such incident is too high, but with nearly 106,000 public and private schools in the U.S., there were shootings at only 0.009% of schools since December 2012. According to the National Center for Education Statistics’ 2013 “Indicators of School Crime and Safety” report, from the 1992-93 school year until the 2010-11 school year, there were between 11 and 34 homicides of youths ages 5-18 at schools each year (including attacks with weapons other than firearms), with an average of about 23 homicides per year. Comparing that to NCES’s enrollment statistics, about 0.000044% of public and private K-12 students were killed at school per year between 1992-93 and 2010-11. That’s about one out of every 2,273,000 students per year. By contrast, the odds of being hit by lightning in a given year is one out of 700,000 according to National Geographic. 

School Year	K-12 Student Homicides	Fall Enrollment (thousands)	% Homicides
1992-93	34	48,500	0.000070%
1993-94	29	49,113	0.000059%
1994-95	28	49,898	0.000056%
1995-96	32	50,759	0.000063%
1996-97	28	51,544	0.000054%
1997-98	34	52,071	0.000065%
1998-99	33	52,526	0.000063%
1999-00	14	52,875	0.000026%
2000-01	14	53,373	0.000026%
2001-02	16	53,992	0.000030%
2002-03	18	54,403	0.000033%
2003-04	23	54,639	0.000042%
2004-05	22	54,928	0.000040%
2005-06	21	55,224	0.000038%
2006-07	32	55,524	0.000058%
2007-08	21	55,762	0.000038%
2008-09	17	55,966	0.000030%
2009-10	19	56,186	0.000034%
2010-11	11	56,480	0.000019%
		Maximum:	0.000070%
		Minimum:	0.000019%
		Average:	0.000044%

It makes sense for schools to take precautions and have contingency plans, but they should keep a sense of perspective. School shootings, especially the mass casualty incidents like Sandy Hook, are exceedingly rare. Schools should dispense with the M16s, grenade launchers, and armored vehicles.